ResEdit can modify file resources using specialised editors, templates or a hex
editor. It needs at least 1500 K of memory and must be treated with care
— using an unsuitable editor on a resource can cause a crash!
ResEdit operates directly on resources, reversing alterations when you change your mind. If a crash occurs your original may be lost!
° Always use ResEdit on a copy of your original file!
ResEdit shows each resource type as an icon with a 4-character code, such as these:-
 
Double-clicking an icon reveals a list of resources. If you open ICON you’ll see:-
 
You can then open an individual item to modify it. For example:-
 
With some resources the list isn’t so exciting:-
 
and you must use a template:-
 
or the hex editor:-
 
If you press Option whilst opening a resource you’ll force the hex editor into action instead of any specialised editor or template. After using the hex editor the resource should be the same size as when you started — just check it in Get Resource Info.
To highlight those resources you’ve modified just select Changed in the Edit menu.
If you select Get Info for or Get File/Folder Info… you’ll see a window like this:-
 
in which you can modify file attributes and other parameters.
Programmers can test an application in Pig mode by pressing †-Shift-Option whilst choosing About ResEdit… — repeat the process to return to normal.
Editing and Printing
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
By pressing Option whilst cutting or copying you can append resources to the Clipboard. ResEdit’s Clipboard data is kept in a scrap file and can’t be pasted into other applications unless it’s text or graphics.
Print reproduces the entire window, even if it’s not all visible on the screen.
Resource IDs
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
If you paste a resource into a file that has similar resources you may get a ‘Replace Resources with same ID ?’ dialog. Select No to cancel the operation, Yes to replace the resources or Unique ID to add the new resources without modifying any existing ones.
You can also enter a names for a resource in the Resource Info window.
Font Resources
qqqqqqqqqqqq
  Font resources can exist in applications or stand-alone documents but are more
commonly found in the following:-
File File Type Resource Containing
PostScript Font LWFN POST PostScript Type 1 font
Font Suitcase FFIL FOND Font family descriptor
FONT Bitmap font at 72 dpi
NFNT New version bitmap font
sfnt Scalable font *
* TrueType or GX. Also PostScript Type 1 on GX-equipped Mac
Of these, only FONDs, FONTs and NFNTs can be modified using ResEdit.
POST
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  A PostScript outine font resource — usually in Type 1 form. If a style resource is
it’s produced by modifying the plain font. For boldface 30% is added to the width;
for oblique characters are slanted right by 15°.
FOND
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  A font family descriptor or directory that locates up to four FONT, NFNT or sfnt
resources used for plain, bold, italic and bold italic styles.
Width adjustments for outline, shadow, condensed or extended styles are inside the FOND itself. Get Info shows the FOND name (the font family name as in any Font menu) and its family ID (equal to the number inside the resource).
Special fonts (such as barcode fonts used in the background by applications) can be eliminated from Font menus by prefixing their FOND names with a percentage sign (%). FONDs within an application can use names prefixed with a space to avoid any confusion in menus over similar FONDs in the Fonts folder.
Inside a FOND you’ll see the font size, family ID and a list of family resources used for each font size and style.
FONT
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  A description of character shapes for a single font size at 72 dpi. Every FONT must
have a parent FOND resource. The pixel editor can be used to design and modify
characters — to move through ASCII values just drag the character box sideways.
FONT History
Early Macs used FONTs for printing and for screen display. They’re still used on the screen but have been replaced by PostScript or TrueType fonts for printing.
Each style used a separate FONT. For example, Helvetica used Helvetica, B Helvetica Bold, I Helvetica Italic, and BI Helvetica Bold Italic resources. FONT names used the following prefixes, sometimes in combinations:-
B Bold Bk Book Blk Black C Condensed
D Demi E Extended H Heavy I Italic
K Kursive L Light N Narrow O Oblique
P Poster S Semi Sl Slanted U Ultra
X Extra
For Helvetica bold, you could choose B Helvetica Bold from the Font menu or select Bold in the Style menu — very messy since every font and style was in the Font menu!
Updating Old FONT Suitcases
The suitcases described above don’t have any FONDs — you don’t see anything when the suitcase is opened in the Finder! You can add a FOND as follows:-
1 Copy a FOND from another suitcase containing only one FONT
2 Use Get Info for the FOND and enter the family ID
3 Note down FONT sizes, styles and IDs
4 Remove resource names from the ‘non-0’ FONTs
5 Open the FOND and enter the family ID followed by…
Font Size, Style and Resource ID for each FONT
Å You may not be able to see a FONT’s character details if
there isn’t a matching FOND with the correct ID!
Modern FONT Operation
Each set of modern FONTs are linked by a FOND that contains information about the family and its styles (see above). FONTs in suitcases have a family ID of between 0 to 255, of which 0 to 127 are reserved by Apple. Older suitcases include a Size 0 FONT that simply acts as a reference for all fonts in the family. Its ID is given by:-
Size 0 FONT ID = (Family ID / 128)
For all other FONTs in a suitcase:-
FONT ID = (Family ID / 128) + FONT Size
where FONT size is measured in points. A Size 0 FONT often has the same Get Info name as its parent FOND — other FONTs or NFNTs shouldn’t be named to avoid double appearances in Font menus!
Any acceptable ID can be used for a FONT within an application or document.
System FONTs
Modern systems use Geneva (9 and 12 point) and Monaco (9 point) FONTs in the System file. Chicago, used for menu items and dialogs, is in ROM. The system fonts can be changed by modifying the FONDs in the System file so that they point to another FONT.
To replace ROM resources such as Chicago (ID = 12), you must add entries to the ROV# resource — this indicates which ROM resources are replaced by equivalents on disk. You must open ROV#, select Insert New Field and enter the type and ID of of the ROM resource to replace. To replace Chicago you must enter FONT and an ID of 12.
NFNT
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  For screen display an NFNT (New Font) works as a FONT — separate resources are
used for each font size. For printing the resolution is improved by scaling down
the largest NFNT. For example, Heidelberg uses a 36 point NFNT to print characters
of all sizes — hence 36 point printing is at 72 dpi but 12 point is at 216 dpi.
An NFNT, unlike the original FONT, only shows one name in the Font menu, whatever styles are available. Font menus are faster with NFNTs since information about the entire family is in a single FOND. Suitcase, Master Juggler and the old Font/DA Mover automatically convert FONTs into NFNTs when you move them into a new suitcase.
If you modify a character using the pixel editor its resolution will be limited to 72 dpi
— for serious work on NFNTs you should use a special editor. By adding a fctb resource an NFNT can provide coloured characters.
The family ID of a FOND isn’t linked to the ID of the NFNT. In a suitcase you can use any family ID from 0 to 32767, although some numbers are reserved by Apple. ID conflicts are automatically resolved by the system — or by Font/DA Mover in very old systems!
sfnt
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  A scalable font that gives accurate results at any size. It can contain a TrueType,
GX or PostScript font. There’s no way of knowing what’s actually in the sfnt!
Screen Graphics
qqqqqqqqqqqq
In the paired resources below an upper case name indicates a black and white resource and a lower case names indicates a colour version:-
acur
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
A list of CURS resources (see below) for an animated cursor. The System file has eight acurs that are used to create the moving stopwatch, beginning with CURS 4. You mustn’t select Purgeable in the Get Resource Info window.
CURS/crsr
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  A 16 x 16 pixel cursor used as a pointer, consisting of a picture, mask and hot spot.
The latter is the ‘pointing’ point and appears as a small cross on the picture. You
mustn’t select Purgeable in the Get Resource Info window.
PAT_ /ppat
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  A block of 8 x 8 pixels that are linked to create patterns for scroll bars and other
screen details. The last character in PAT_ is a space.
PAT#/ppt#
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  A list of patterns, each 8 x 8 pixels, linked together for screen shading. Each
resource contains any number of patterns, often used for line or fill tones in a
drawing application.
Screen Icons
qqqqqqqqqq
The screen icons used for display in applications or in the Finder are:-
ICON
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  Black and white icon of 32 x 32 pixels, often used in HyperCard. In the System
file ICONs 0, 1 and 3 are the warning hand, dialog icon and warning triangle.
SICN
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  A set of small icons of 16 x 16 pixels as used at the left-hand side of text windows.
You can create your own small icons by removing every other diagonal line in a large icon, but the results aren’t very pretty — those created automatically from ICONs in the Mac itself are even worse!
cicn
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  Colour icon of any size from 8 x 8 to 80 x 80 pixels (usually 32 x 32), including a
black and white version and shadow mask. In the Colour menu you can choose
from standard Apple Icon Colours, Standard 256 Colours and others.
Desktop Icons
qqqqqqqqqqq
  Desktop or Finder icons are used for items on the Desktop. When you open the
ICN# editor you’ll see the whole family of icons. You can also get to the editor
from the BNDL editor by clicking on a blank icon and selecting Choose Icon....
Different icon types can be copied by dragging them across the editor. For example an ICN# can be copied onto an ics# by dragging the ICN# icon (in the small box on the right) onto the corresponding ics# box. All icons types containing a similar image have a common ID number — if there’s only one image it’s often 128.
The full range of icons are:-
Icon Pixels Colours
ics4 16 16 4-bit
ics8 16 256 8-bit
ic14 32 16 4-bit
ic18 32 256 8-bit
ICN# 32 2 Black and White
ics# 16 2 Black and White
Icon Masks
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
An icon mask defines the area you click to select an item. If a mask is missing or blank you can’t select the icon — if you try to drag it your machine may crash! The Finder can only produce a photo-negative of a selected item if its mask is the same size as the icon itself. Older systems used magic icons that changed appearance when selected — the icon was XOR’d with a mask containing additional graphic material.
To create a mask just drag an icon (in the small box on the right) onto the corresponding mask icon. The ic14 and ic18 icons are masked using extra ICN# resources, whilst ics4 s and ics8 s are masked with an ics#. The last of these is only used for masking.
Hard Disk Icons
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
Drive icons are often kept as ICN# resources in a formatting application — during formatting they’re installed onto the drive in a different form. The ICN#s in such an application can be modified using ResEdit. Alternatively you can paste an icon onto the disk in its Get Info window — but this icon may not appear in ‘disk switching’ dialogs.
Icon Vault Files
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
An icon vault file contains a set of icons for files with a particular Creator code. When the Finder rebuilds the Desktop it uses these vault icons in preference to those in the creator application. You can install as many vaults as you like — even for files created with applications that aren’t on your machine!
A vault file is of Type ICVT and Creator XXX î where XXXX is the Creator code of the relevant application. Creating a vault isn’t a trivial task — each file should contain:-
• BNDL or BNDLs (IDs ≥ 128) with Signature of XXXX and a list of the application’s Types
• BNDL (ID ≥ 129) with Signature of XXX î, relating to Type ICVT
• FREFs relating to all the application’s Types and Type ICVT
• XXXX named ‘Owner Resource’ containing 00, as seen in the hex editor
• XXX î named ‘Owner Resource’ containing 00, as seen in the hex editor
• A set of icon resources (IDs ≥ 128) that should appear in the application’s BNDL window
• STR_ (ID = -16397) containing text such as:-
Icon Vault
This file adds custom icons to your Macintosh. Place it in the “Icon Vaults”
folder in your System Folder, and then rebuild the desktop.
• verss (IDs 1 and 2) containing information for the Get Info window (if required)
The vaults should be put in a folder named ‘_Icon Vaults’ (note the space at the beginning) in the System Folder — the filenames of the folder and enclosed vaults should be locked. Once you’ve installed a vault file you should rebuild the Desktop.
Other Resources
qqqqqqqqqqqq
ALRT
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  Sets window size, screen position and title of an alert box, the sort that if ignored
generates an alert sound. It requires an actb resource for colour.
Details about its contents are kept in a matching DITL (see below) whose ID is kept inside the ALRT — matching ALRTs and DITLs usually have the same ID. The ALRT can be resized from the bottom right-hand corner or moved by clicking and dragging anywhere within it. Double-click on the dialog to open the matching DITL.
If you select Set ALRT Stage Info in the ALRT menu you have the option to choose what to do if the user keeps doing the wrong thing! To get an alert sound without using disk access you should check Preload in the Get Resource Info window.
System alert icons are replaced by icons in the current file if they have the same ID.
BNDL
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  Ties a document to its application using Type and Creator codes and the ‘set’
BNDL flag in the application file. The latter also contains all the icon resources.
The BNDL window shows the icons and file Types associated with the application. Any Types beginning with s are stationery files. For example:-
TEXT n sEXT
PICT n sICT
Before drawing an icon the Finder checks if the Stationery flag is ‘set’. If so, it replaces the first letter of the Type by s. The BNDL uses this new Type to pick a correct stationery icon.
Inside the BNDL there’s an item called @ String whose contents come from the signature resource (a resource with the same type as the Creator name). @ String is often empty — modern applications get their information from the vers resource! Either @ String or vers data are used for the Get Info window.
clut
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
A colour lookup table for colour routines. The System file includes clut 5 (4 bits for 16 shades) and clut 9 (8 bits for 256 shades).
CODE
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  Contains most of the programmer’s work for an application. CODE 0 points to
any further CODEs in a file.
DITL
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  Defines the contents of dialogs and alert windows. Its ID should be the same as the
matching DLOG or ALRT. Each item can be dragged into position or resized from
the bottom right-hand corner. Resizing the window doesn’t have any effect.
The DITL menu has some useful features. Show All Items reveals items that are outside the window, Set Item Number is used when creating a new application, Align to Grid positions items on an adjustable invisible grid and Use Item’s Rectangle restores a stretched ICON or PICT image to its normal shape.
The following items can be found in a DITL window:-
 
To Fine-tune an item’s position just double-click on it and adjust the dialog settings — these values also appear when you use Open Using Template to open the resource. The dialog also shows the ID of any control, icon or picture resource — if such a resource isn’t in the file a matching System file resource will be used instead. The buttons use standard ID codes of 1 for OK and 2 for Cancel — pressing Return or Enter selects OK automatically.
DLOG
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  Sets window size, screen position and title of a dialog box, the sort that appears
after you select an item ending in ….. A dctb resource is used for colour.
Details about the box’s contents are kept in a matching DITL (see above) whose ID is kept in the DLOG — matching DLOGs and DITLs often have the same ID. The DLOG can be resized from the bottom right-hand corner or moved by clicking and dragging within it. Double-click on the dialog to open the matching DITL.
finf
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
A font information resource that defines the font, font size and font style used in a program’s windows. It should use Apple reserved fonts for consistent results on any Mac, irrespective of installed fonts.
FKEY
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  A function key or mini-application that’s launched when † and Shift are pressed
with a specific number key — the number is set by the FKEYs ID.
The following standard FKEYs are in the System file:-
FKEY No Function
1 Eject diskette 1
2 Eject diskette 2
3 Save screen image
Certain applications such as Suitcase or OtherMenu launch FKEYs directly — for these the resource must be on its own in a ResEdit file.
An FKEY can be provided by:-
• Adding an FKEY resource to the System file using a special utility
• Installing a special suitcase containing an FKEY in the Fonts folder
• Launching a ResEdit version of the FKEY with a utility such as OtherMenu
One example, ClipFiler, is supplied as a suitcase containing FKEY, kinf and snd_ resources. ResEdit versions of an FKEY should only contain a single FKEY resource.
fmnu
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
Used in the Finder file and in other software, such as Desktop Printer Extension, for a Finder menu. The shortcut key for each menu item is in the third character before the actual menu name. Here’s a view inside an fmnu resource from the Finder file:-
 
In this example you can see that †-N is the shortcut for New Folder. If you want to change this to †-F you simply change the N to an F. If there’s no letter in the space you can add a chosen character — but don’t use one that’s already used in the menu!
International Resources
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
A group of System file resources used for localisation, also used inside applications to override the local System to give identical results across the world. For local operation the latter should be removed or replaced with copies from the System file. For Roman script, used in most European languages, you need only consider itl0 and itl1.
itl0
  Sets numbers, dates, and time formats, sets the System Region code, indicates
use of metric rulers and sets a version number. It’s also known as INTL with an ID
of 0 (INTL 0). Regions include US (0), French (1), British (2) and German (3).
itl1
  Sets names for months and days, using up to 16 bytes for each. Also sets the long
date format and the number of letters used for abbreviated months or days. A
region code and version number are included. Also known as INTL 1.
itl2, itl4, itlb, itlc
  For various international settings, including support for non-Roman scripts in
Arabic or Japanese. The itl2 and itl4 resources select language variations whilst
itlb sets the script. Languages include English (0), French (1) and German (3).
itlk
For non-standard international key assignments on a keyboard. It normalises the keyboard output to match the basic map in the KMAP resource.
KCHR
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  Used in the System file to convert the keyboard output (as set by KMAP and itlk)
into ASCII codes understood by the Mac — it supplies software keyboard mapping.
A separate KCHR exists for each keyboard layout in the System file.
The KCHR editor, shown below, contains several keyboard tables (right) each linked to specific modifier keys. The character chart (left) shows all 255 characters in the font whilst the virtual chart (centre) shows the 128 characters available in the selected table.
 
Any depressed key(s) are highlighted in the keyboard region (bottom left) at the same time as the corresponding character in the charts. View As… lets you see how it works with different keyboards, but only alters the appearance of the keyboard region — in reality some keys don’t work on certain models!
The information region (centre right) shows corresponding character and keyboard codes.
To assign a character to a key simply press the key (with any modifier keys) and drag the required character from the character chart to the highlighted character on the virtual chart or keyboard region.
The tables are defined as follows:-
Table Modifiers
0 None / † / Shift-†
1 Shift / Shift-Caps Lock
2 Caps Lock
3 Option
4 Shift-Option
5 Caps Lock-Option
6 Option-†
7 Control plus any other
The KCHR menu lets you create a New Table or Duplicate Table for your own choice of modifier keys. Just hold down the modifier keys whilst selecting these items or when transferring new characters onto the keyboard map. With some keyboards Uncouple Modifier Keys lets you give the keys at each end of the keyboard their own table.
KMAP
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
In the System file this indicates keyboard hardware mapping — in other words it knows the actual codes produced by each key.
MACS
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
Indicates the Finder or System file version — in the latter the text is in STR_ 0.
MENU
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  Enables and defines a menubar item, including keyboard shortcuts. An mctb is
needed for colour. MENU IDs must ascend by one digit as you move across the
menubar. MENUs mustn’t be Purgeable in Get Resource Info.
The menubar name can be changed but not deleted — and don’t change the  button unless you need to!
Dragging menu items around (including dividing lines) can cause confusion since an application identifies them by ID, not by name! Each menu item’s Text, text Colour and Command Key can be changed. A Text box may contain a space but shouldn’t be empty.
If you use the same command key in two menus the right hand menu is given priority.
The following keys have standard uses:-
File N O S W P Q
Edit Z X C A V
Style T B U I
P was once used for Plain Text but most applications use T instead.
Under the MENU menu you should leave MDEF ID alone! Choose Icon adds an icon at the left of the menu and Remove Icon loses it — any associated ICON or SICN must have an ID of between 257 and 511 and you should select Preload in Get Resource Info for fast operation. Remove Colour removes a menu item’s text colour and Use Colour Picker lets you choose the colour from a standard colour wheel instead of the machine’s own colours.
mstr
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
Contains file strings such as File or Quit in the System file that allow any application to open files or quit other applications — Quit is used for Shut Down in the Finder.
PICT
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  An image that must be copied into a drawing application for editing. Graphics
over 2 x 2 inches are scaled down in lists but expand to full size when opened.
The window and the position of the PICT within it can be modified by selecting Open Using Template and adjusting the parameter shown.
pltt
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
A palette determining the colours used by an application in a particular environment. Some applications use pltt 0 as the default palette.
pnot
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
Contains information about a file’s on-screen PICT or TEXT preview shown in an open dialog. Many applications automatically add a pnot when you click on Create in the open dialog. Any TEXT preview is limited to a maximum of 255 characters.
The sixth byte of a pnot contains the ID of the PICT or TEXT preview. For example, in:-
AE2C DCBD 0000 5049 4354 6B42
the preview resource has an ID of hex 6B42 (decimal 27458).
EPSFs often don’t have previews — you can provide one by adding a pnot containing:-
AE2C DCBD 0000 5049 4354 0100
where hex 0100 (decimal 256) is the ID of an existing PICT preview found inside many EPSFs. To remove a preview the pnot can be deleted.
PREC
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
Contains defaults inside a printer driver file. In an application file, a PREC 4 overrides the PREC 3 settings in the driver — other PRECs are used inside PostScript applications.
PREC 0/1 Includes defaults for first and last page numbers in Print dialog
PREC 3 Default paper sizes (in 1/120ths of an inch) and paper names
PREC 124 Printer driver name.
SIZE
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  Indicates the file’s Get Info memory needs. SIZE -1 contains Suggested Size and
Minimum Size as set by the programmer. SIZE 0 or SIZE 1 show the Preferred Size.
SIZE also includes the following flags:-
MultiFinder Aware and Suspend & Resume Events: should both be in the same state.
Background Null Events: indicates application works in the background.
Background Only: indicates application has no user interface.
Get Front Clicks: shows application accepts a mouse event that brings to the foreground. If not set, the application comes to the foreground but doesn’t receive the event.
32 Bit Compatible: indicates the programmer thinks it works with 32-bit addressing.
snd_
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  A Format 1 or Format 2 sound — the latter must be used for HyperCard. Some
older Format 2 snd_s are labelled as format 1! If you select Open Using Hex Editor
you’ll see the format in the second data byte. The name snd_ ends in a space.
In the snd menu you can hear the sound by selecting Try Sound — if an error occurs use Try as HyperCard™ Sound (if this works it’s a Format 2 sound). Try Scale With Sound plays the sound over a musical scale.
Some snd_s have a header that creates a sequence of notes or continuous loop from the sound. When you double-click on a file containing such a snd_ you’ll hear the sequence or loop — but as an alert it’ll only make the basic sound!
If you open the System file with ResEdit you can see the installed system sounds.
styl
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  Text style information used with a TEXT resource or with text in the data fork.
TEXT
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  Plain text that can be used in conjunction with a styl to give styled text.
TMPL
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
A special template designed for your own work. Use Tab to move through the boxes that you’ve created in a forward direction, Shift-Tab to move backwards. When you open a template ResEdit doesn’t check to see if the data fits — it may crash if the data is too big or simply truncate the data. In some cases it will pad out the data with zeros.
vers
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  Provides information for the Finder’s Get Info window. The vers 1 gives Version
data whilst vers 2 provides a single line of text beneath the file name. If vers 1
isn’t present the signature resource is used instead.
WIND
wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww
  Sets size, screen position and title for a window whose contents isn’t set by a DITL
— it’s just an empty window. A WIND can be resized by dragging at the bottom
right-hand corner or moved by clicking and dragging anywhere in the window.
The value of ProcID defines the type of window — to include a zoom box you simply add 8 to the number! A wctb resource can be used to obtain colour.
